Language points of lesson85 and lesson86:
一.單詞和詞組
1.a(chǎn)mazing
1)amazing意思與surprising接近,常用作定語(yǔ)。例如:
The new car is running at an amazing speed.
那輛新車以驚人的速度行駛。
2)amaze用作及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“使驚訝”。例如:
It amazed me to hear that you were leaving.
聽說(shuō)你要走我很驚訝。
3)amazement用作不可數(shù)名詞,意思是“吃驚”。例如:
To my amazement,I came first.
使我吃驚的是我居然第一個(gè)到。
2.a(chǎn)gain and again
意思是“反復(fù)、再三”,類似的說(shuō)法還有over and over,over and over again。例如:
He told me again and again not to make friends with her.
他再三告誡我不要和她交朋友。
3.tell… apart
基本含義是“分辨出,能認(rèn)出其間的差異”。例如:
To tell the two handkerchiefs apart,she made a mark in her own handkerchief.
為了把兩塊手絹分開,她在自己的那塊上做了記號(hào)。
注意,tell作“區(qū)分、分辨”解時(shí),常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could,be able to或其否定式連用。常見句型有tell the difference between… and…,tell…from…。例如:
Can you tell Mary from her twin sister?
你能分辨瑪莉和她的孿生姐妹嗎?
4.to one's astonishment
to+one's +名詞常譯為“使某人……的是”,名詞常為表示感情的詞。例如:
to one's surprise 使某人吃驚的是
to one's joy 使某人高興的是
常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的名詞還有sorrow,delight,excitement,disappointment,amazement,relief等。
5.surrounding
1)surrounding作形容詞,意思是“周圍的”。例如:
There is no such kind of modern hospital in the surrounding areas.
在周圍地區(qū)沒有如此現(xiàn)代化的醫(yī)院。
2)surrounding 作名詞常用復(fù)數(shù),意思是“環(huán)境,周圍的事物”。例如:
Children are living in pleasant surroundings.
孩子們生活在舒適的環(huán)境里。
3)surround作動(dòng)詞用,意思是“包圍,環(huán)繞”。例如:
My hometown is a small village surrounded with rivers.
我的家鄉(xiāng)是一個(gè)河水環(huán)繞的小村莊。
6.far away
1)far away遙遠(yuǎn),常與from連用,指離某地遠(yuǎn)。例如:
The factory where my father works is far away from the center of town.
我父親工作的工廠離市中心很遠(yuǎn)。
2)far from 遠(yuǎn)離,用法同far away from。
3)如果要具體表示甲地離乙地多遠(yuǎn),則用句型:距離+away from。例如:
The classroom is fifty meters away from the playground.教室離操場(chǎng)有50米遠(yuǎn)。
4)faraway則用作形容詞,意思是“遙遠(yuǎn)的”。例如:
At that time he lived in a faraway island by himself.
當(dāng)時(shí)他獨(dú)自一人住在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小島上。
7.set up建立,創(chuàng)立,豎立
與set有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)很多。例如:
set off for 動(dòng)身去某地
set off an nuclear bomb 引爆原子彈
set out to do sth. 著手做某事
set out(for) 出發(fā),啟程
set sb.free 釋放某人
set an example to sb./set sb.a(chǎn)n example
為某人樹立榜樣
set fire to 放火(燒)
set sth.on fire 放火燒
set sail 啟航
set up home 成家,建立家園
8.come up
在課文中意思是“被提出”。該短語(yǔ)還可解釋為“上升,抬頭”等。例如:
The question hasn't come up yet.
問(wèn)題尚未被提出。
He put his head under water,but soon came up for breath.
他把頭伸進(jìn)水中,但不久又抬頭換氣。
下面再把有關(guān)come的短語(yǔ)歸納一下。
come true 變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)
come from 出生(于);來(lái)自
come in 進(jìn)入,進(jìn)來(lái)
Come in,please. 請(qǐng)進(jìn)。
come over 過(guò)來(lái);順便來(lái)訪
come round (走)過(guò)來(lái);來(lái)
come back 回來(lái)
come on 趕快
come down 落下
come out 出來(lái);(書等)出版;發(fā)行
come about 發(fā)生;產(chǎn)生
come across (偶然)遇見,發(fā)現(xiàn)
come to 共計(jì);達(dá)到
come off 從……離開;脫落
9.course
1)course走向,所經(jīng)之路。例如:
The map shows the courses of the chief rivers.
這幅地圖表明了主要河流經(jīng)過(guò)的區(qū)域。
2)course過(guò)程,進(jìn)程。例如:
in the course of conversation在談話過(guò)程中
3)course課程。例如:
a course in French 法語(yǔ)課程
complete one's college course 讀完大學(xué)
4)構(gòu)成詞組:of course 當(dāng)然
二、句型
1.It is the honey bee that has most interested scientists because of the “l(fā)anguage” they use to communicate with each other.
是蜜蜂最使科學(xué)家感興趣因?yàn)樗麄冇斜舜私涣鞯恼Z(yǔ)言。
強(qiáng)調(diào)句:It is/was +強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+除強(qiáng)調(diào)的句子其它部分.
Is/Was it+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+除強(qiáng)調(diào)的句子其它部分?
Why/Who/How/Where/What/When is/was it that+除強(qiáng)調(diào)的句子其它部分?
2.The development of the modern beehive in 1851 made it possible to design experiments to research the language of honey bees.
1851年新式蜂箱的研制,使設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究蜜蜂的語(yǔ)言成為可能。
句中的it是形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式短語(yǔ)to design experiments。it作形式賓語(yǔ)其句型是:主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+不定式。用于該句型的常見動(dòng)詞有:find,think,feel,make等。例如:The heavy rain made it impossible for him to get to the school on time.
大雨使他不可能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。
He found it hard to improve his spoken English.
他覺得要提高他的口語(yǔ)水平很難。
She feels it necessary to master a foreign language.
她感到掌握一門外語(yǔ)很有必要。
3.The farther away the feeding station was,the slower the dance was.
喂食處越遠(yuǎn),舞蹈動(dòng)作的速度就越慢。
該句型的結(jié)構(gòu)是: the+比較級(jí)…,the+比較級(jí)…。意思是“越……,就越……”。例如:
The more, the better.越多越好。
The harder you work,the greater progress you will make.
你越努力,取得的進(jìn)步就越大。
The more he explained,the more we were puzzled.
他愈解釋,我們愈糊涂。
試比較下列句型:more and more+形容詞
。ㄔ(jí))或比較級(jí)+比較級(jí)。該句型的意思是“越來(lái)越……”。例如:
The day is getting longer and longer.
The park is more and more beautiful.