教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
第三單元 藝術(shù)與建筑
【Part 3 Typical Problems 典型欣賞】
1.The murder was brought in,with his hands behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D.tied
【題解】選D。此題考查非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補足語。hand與tie構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，賓語補足語應(yīng)用過去分詞形式，故將選項B排除。being tied是現(xiàn)在分詞被動式，表示一個正在進(jìn)行的被動動作，to be tied表示將來的趨向，均不符合題意。在這里過去分詞tied表示狀態(tài)。
2.Mr. Smith warned her daughter after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive
【題解】選A。動詞warn后面的賓語補足語須用不定式，故將選項C、D排除。不定式的否定形式是在不定式之前加否定詞，所以A為正確答案。
3.The missing boys were last seen near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
【題解】選A。be seen to do…“被看到做什么”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的全過程；be seen doing“被看到正在做什么”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行。小孩丟了，不可能全過程被看到。
4. in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose
【題解】選C。本題考查過去分詞短語作狀語。先排除D項，因為動詞不定式含有將來的意味，與句意不符；又因he與lose構(gòu)成被動的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選擇過去分詞。
5.I hate when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
【題解】選A。此題考查非人稱代詞it的用法。it在此句中指代when引導(dǎo)的從句所述的內(nèi)容。
6.-Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
-I’m afraid day is possible.
A. either B. neither C. some D. any
【題解】選B。本題考查交際英語中I’m afraid后接 that從句表示不同意做某事或?qū)ψ瞿呈虏桓移埻奈裼梅�。先排除C，因為在星期一和星期二兩者之間選擇。再排除D，any應(yīng)指三天或更長的時間。選項A是指這兩天中的任意一天，顯然與答語的前半部分矛盾。
7.Robert is said abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study
C. to be studying D. to have been studying
【題解】選A。本題考查主語補足語的有關(guān)時態(tài)使用知識。be said后接動詞不定式的完成式，表明非謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生在be said之前，符合題意。
8.Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food.
A. the;a B. /;a C. the;the D. /;the
【題解】選B。本題考查冠詞的用法。由于kind是可數(shù)名詞，又系泛指任何種類，故先排除C、D選項；又因為原句most animals系泛指，故第二個animals也應(yīng)是泛指，不應(yīng)有定冠詞。
注意：不要以為animals被of短語修飾，前面就一定有定冠詞，而應(yīng)遵從語意和語境的需要。
9.As we joined the big crowd I got from my friends.
A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed
【題解】選A。本題四個選項均為過去分詞，均可作got的表語，但詞義是不同的。本句意思是：由于擠進(jìn)了人群，我和朋友分開了。separate from為固定搭配，意為“把……和……分開”。
10. -You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda.Do you like it?
-I’m sorry I anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you.
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say
【題解】選D。本題考查動詞時態(tài)在交際用語中的用法。題中sooner的詞義是做這道題的關(guān)鍵，這里表示“之前”的意思，故排除了B、C兩個選項，因為一般現(xiàn)在時與一般將來時在此句中不符合要求；再排除A項，因為過去進(jìn)行時在此句的邏輯與語意上均不符合要求。本題答語的意思是：很抱歉，我沒早點說（你的新大衣）。我當(dāng)然覺得你穿上它很漂亮啦。
【Part 4 Grammar Items 語法指南】
過去分詞作賓語補足語
在第二單元我們講述了過去分詞作定語和表語，本單元我們來講過去分詞作賓語補足語，過去分詞作賓補時通常用在see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,get,have,feel等動詞之后，在邏輯上與賓語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系或表示賓語的狀態(tài)，請閱讀下列句子。
（1）I often hear the song sung in English.
我經(jīng)常聽人用英語唱這首歌。
（2）He was trying to make himself understood.
他努力想讓別人聽懂他的話。
（3）She was glad to see her son taken good care of in the nursery.
她高興地看到她的兒子在托兒所里受到好的照顧。
（4）Please get these photos developed by supper time.
請在晚飯前將這些照片沖洗出來。
（5）Being sick with fever,she left the food untouched.
由于她發(fā)燒，那食物她一點也沒吃。
（6）His mother did not tell him because she wished the whole thing buried and forgotten.
他的母親希望把事情全掩蓋起來并忘掉，因此沒有告訴他。
【注】在have/get sth. done的句型中，過去分詞所表示的動作往往是別人做的。如：
（7）He’ll get his daughter X-rayed.
他將給他女兒做一次X光透析。
（8）Helen had her wallet stolen when she did shopping in a supermarked.
海倫在一家超市購物時錢包被偷了。
【語法專項訓(xùn)練】
Ⅰ.單項選擇
1.-Oh,dear,I smell something .
-God,my fish!
A. burnt B.burning C.burn D.is buring
2.The woman kept her eyes on her baby for quite some time.
A.to fix B.fixed C.fixing D.being fixed
3.I can’t understand you things like this to her.
A.to say B.say C.saying D.to have said
4.I’ll get my secretary the letter.
A.copy B.to copy C.copies D.copied
5.He did the right thing for some fresh air even in cold weather.
A.to keep the children from going out
B.to prevent the children from going out
C.to keep the children going out
D.to prevent the children going out
6.He tried to in Japanese.
A.understand himself B.make himself understanding
C.make himself understood D.make to understand
7.The boy lay on his back,with his hand on his breast.
A.clench B.clenched C.to clench D.clenching
8.Tired of the noise, .
A.he shut the door B.the door had been shut
C.he had shut the door D.the door was shut
9.The girl ,that is,she a shot.
A.was shot dead;died of;deathly B.shot at death;died for;dead
C.was shot to death;died from;deadly D.was shot deadly;dead of;dying
10.He looked at me with eyes.
A.question B.questioning
C.to question D.being questioned
【Part 5 Synchronous Test 同步測試】
Ⅰ.單項選擇
1.He sat in silence,and with one or two words.
A. when speaking speak B. when spoken spoke
C. when spoken to spoke D. when speaking to spoke
2.To Lu Xun, his pen is .
A. that a gun is to a soldier B. that a gun to a soldier
C. what a gun is to a soldier D. what a gun to a soldier
3.He was so careless that he left the work half and went to the cinema.
A. to finish B. finished C. finishing D. be finished
4. , but he came to the meeting.
A. Despite his illness B. Though he was ill
C. He was ill D. Being ill
5. he said was more than I .I stood up and left without a word.
A. That; stood B. What; could stand
C. All; would put up D. What; might stand
6.Travel and lectures my time,I had no time to spend with my family.
A. filled up B. filled up with
C. were filled up D. were filled up with
7.Engines are to machines hearts are to animals.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
8.Don’t worry,dear.I have already some money for the journey.
A. set aside B. set up C. set beside D. set back
9.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see next year.
A. carried out B. carry out C. carrying out D. to carry out
10.This is the motorbike I by Peter last week.
A. repaired B. had repaired C. had it repaired D. had repairing
11.Having passed all the tests,she felt a great weight off her mind.
A. taking B. take C. to be taken D. taken
12.What else have you done writing a composition this morning?
A. beside B. except C. besides D. but
13.When other architecture,this stadium looks more brilliant.
A. compared with B. compared at C. comparing with D. comparing to
14.This place is very quiet and no one will you here.
A. interrupt B. disturb C. hear D. see
15.A new has been introduced in language teaching. It helps a lot.
A. method B. advice C. suggestion D. example
16.We’ll have to finish the work, .
A. no matter how long does it take B. it takes however long
C. however long it takes D. however it takes long
17.The old doctor never failed to help is in need of his help.
A. who B. whom C. whomever D. whoever
18.A house built of stone lasts longer than one built of wood.
A. / B. the C. a D. an
19.The experiment they devoted themselves to at last.
A. succeed B. succeeding C. have succeeded D. succeeded
20.Yesterday I came across the man you think is to work with.
A. who;pleased B. whom;pleasant C. who;pleasant D. who;pleasure
21.Where is my pen?It seems .
A. to have lost B. to have missed
C. to be disappeared D. to have disappeared
22.The rocket a number of scientific instrument,including a television camera.
A. sends B. contains C. holds D. includes
23.Attention must be paid to science and technology.
A. develop B. developing C. development D. developed
24.“Why don’t you give up smoking, Mr. Wang.”“Oh,well,smoking is to me working to you.”
A. what B. that C. as D. like
25.I woke up to find in hospital.
A. myself lying B. myself to be C. me lying D. I am lying
26.You mustn’t fill the form a pencil,but ink.
A. in;in;in B. in;with;in C. with;in;in D. with;in;in
27.Tom the newpaper and handed it to me.
A. glanced at B. took a quick look at
C. took a glance at D. all the above
28.The old woman had a letter from her son in the army to her.
A. read B. write C. written D. received
29. other young men,he enjoys pop music.
A. Compared B. In common with C. Referred to D. Talking of
30.When I got home,I found the gas the door remained .
A. burned;locking B. burning;locking C. to burn;to lock D. burning;locked
Ⅱ.用下列詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
stand, develop, disturb, belong, fill, create, design, impress, atc, equal
1.Can anyone a better timetable?
2.His speech made quite an on the audience.
3.The use of computers in architectural design is an important .
4.Not a whisper the silence in the great round reading room.
5.The Paris fashion designers are showing their latest .
6.I’m glad to have something to up the evening.
7.Make sure you take all your when you leave the train.
8.We try to divide the work .
9.He as if he hadn’t heard any of it.
10.Don’t just by.Can’t you lend a hand.
Ⅲ.完形填空
The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.
-- Thomas Macaulay
Some thirty years ago,I was studying in a public school in New York.One day,Mrs. Nanette O’neill gave an arithmetic 1 to our class.When the papers were 2 she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the 3 mistakes throughout the test.
There is nothing really new about cheating in exams.Perhaps that was why Mrs. O’Neill didn’t even say a word about it.She only asked the twelve boys to 4 after class.I was one of the twelve.
Mrs.O’Neill asked 5 questions,and she didn’t scold us either.Instead,she wrote on the blackboard the 6 words by Thomas Macaulay.She then ordered us to 7 these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.
I don’t know about the other eleven boys.Speaking for 8 I can say:it was the most important single 9 of my life.Thirty years after being 10 to Macaulay’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick,because they give us a 11 to measure ourselves rather than others.
12 of us are asked to make 13 decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle.But all of us are called 14 daily to make a great many personal decisions. 15 the wallet,found in the street,be put into a pocket 16 turned over to the policeman?Should the 17 change received at the store be forgotten or 18 ?Nobody will know except 19 .But you have to live with yourself,and it is always 20 to live with someone you respect.
( )1.A.text B. problem C. paper D. lesson
( )2.A. examined B. completed C. marked D. answered
( )3.A. easy B. funny C. same D. serious
( )4.A. come B. leave C. remain D. apologize
( )5.A. no B. certain C. many D. more
( )6.A. above B. common C. following D. unusual
( )7.A. repeat B. get C. put D. copy
( )8.A. myself B. ourselves C. themselves D. herself
( )9.A. chance B. incident C. lesson D. memory
( )10.A. referred B. shown C. brought D. introuduced
( )11.A. way B. sentence C. choice D. reason
( )12.A. All B. Few C. Some D. None
( )13.A. quick B. wise C. great D. personal
( )14.A. out B. for C. up D. upon
( )15.A. Should B. Must C. Would D. Need
( )16.A. and B. or C. then D. but
( )17.A. extra B. small C. some D. necessary
( )18.A. paid B. remembered C. shared D. returned
( )19.A. me B. you C. us D. them
( )20.A. easier B. more natural C. better D. more peaceful
Ⅳ.閱讀理解
A
The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched(草蓋的)roof cottages around a church;a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white;the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings-these are still common sights in parts of England.Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practiced in the British Isles.Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings,it was once used for castles and churches,too.
Thatching is a solitary craft,which often runs in families.The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages.Over 800 full time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today,maintaining and reviewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.
In fact,if we look at developing countries,over half the world lives under thatch,but they all do it in different ways.People in developing countries are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buldings.However,they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary material.Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months.Thatch which has been done the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years,and is an effective defence against the heat.
1.Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside?
A. Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses.
B. Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings.
C. Cottages with thatched roofs.
D. Churches with cottages around them.
2.What do we know about thatching as a craft?
A. It is a collective activity.
B. It is practised on farms all over England.
C. It is quite different from what it used to be.
D. It is in most cases handed down among family members.
3.Thatched houses are still preferred because of .
A. their style and comfort
B. their durability
C. their easy maintenance
D.their cheap and ready-made materials
4.People in developing countries also live under thatch because .
A. thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction
B. thatched roof houses are the cheapest
C. thatch is an effective defense against the heat
D. they like thatched houses better than other buildings
5.We can learn from the passage that .
A. thatched cottages in England have been passed down from ancient times
B. thatching is a building craft first created by the the English people
C. the English people have a special liking for thatched houses
D. most thatched cottages in England are located on hillsides
B
Believe it or not,optical illusion(錯覺)can cut highway crashes.
Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrous(人字形),painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are,and thus drvers slow down.
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrous and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all total traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest-curves, exit slopes, traffic circles,and bridges.
Some studies suggest that staight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower.The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
6.The passage mainly discusses .
A. a new way of highway speed control
B. a new pattern for painting highways
C. a new approach to training drivers
D. a new type of optical illusion
7.On roads with painted chevrons,drivers tend to feel that .
A. they should avoid speed-related hazards
B. they are driving in the wrong lane
C. they should slow down their speed
D. they are approaching the speed limit
8.The advantage of chevrons over straight,horizontal bars is that the former .
A. can keep drivers awake B. can cut road accidents in half
C. will have a longer effect on drivers D. will look more attractive
9.The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Satety plans to .
A. try out the Japanese method in certain areas
B. change the road signs across the country
C. replace straight,horizontal bars with chevrons
D. repeat the Japanese road patterns
10.What does the author say about staight,horizontal bars painted across roads?
A. They are falling out of use in the United States.
B. They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time.
C. They are applicable only on broad roads.
D. They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.
Ⅴ.單句改錯
1. He preferred to stay home rather than going out.
2. Despite of what she says,I’ll go.
3. What he said was sounded reasonable.
4. The car is not only beautiful but also easy to be driven.
5. In some English-spoken countries,mengreet each other by raising their hats.
6. Finally he found a small chair to sit at the end of the hall.
7. You can’t move into the new room.It is painted.
8. It reported that they went abroad to collect money.
9. We hoped each other the best luck in the examination.
10. “Shall we go for a swim?”“I’ll be glad.”
Ⅵ.翻譯填空
1. 她穿著很有品位。
She has excellent in .
2.盡管他病的很重，他還是來參加了會議。
He came to the meeting .
3.我警告他們不要去做，但無人理會。
I warned them not to do it,but my objections .
4.他第一部小說的靈感來自于他妻子。
His wife his first novel.
5.離開這個國家不是我所希望的。
It my wishes .
6.他有一些奇妙的想法。
He has some ideas.
Ⅶ.書面表達(dá)
某對外發(fā)行的畫刊擬刊登一幅我國河北省趙縣著名的趙州橋圖片。請根據(jù)以下提示要點，為該圖寫一段文字介紹。
1.概況：隋朝時由李春設(shè)計建成，迄今已有1360多年的歷史，是中國最古老的一座石拱橋。長50多米，寬9米多；
2.地理位置：河北省趙縣城南5里；
3.建筑材料：全部用石料建成。大石拱用1000多塊厚約30厘米，重約1噸的石塊砌成。
4.其他情況：50年代進(jìn)行了整修，參觀者越來越多。
注意：（1）介紹必須包括所有要點，但不要逐條譯成英語；
（2）詞數(shù)為110個左右；
（3）題目自擬。
【Part 6 Outside Reading 課外閱讀】
The most interesting architectural phenomenon of the 1970’s was the enthusiasm for refurnishing older building.Obviously,this was not an entirely new phenomenon.What is new is the wholescale(大規(guī)模的)in reusing the past,in recycling,in adaptive rehabilitation(更新).A few trial efforts,such as Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco,proved their financial feasibility in the 1960’s,but it was in the 1970’s,with strong government support through tax incentives(機(jī)制)and rapid depreciation(貶值),as well as growing interest in ecology issues,that recycling became a major factor on the urban scene.One of the most comprehensive ventures was the restoration and transformation of Boston’s eighteenth century Faneuil Hall and the Quincy Market,designed in 1824.This section had fallen on hard times,but beginning with the construction of a new city hall immediately nearby,it has returned to life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under the design leadership of Benjamin Thompson.He has provided a marvelous(不可思議的)setting for dining,shopping,professional office,and simply walking.
San Antonio,Texas,offers a big object lesson for numerous other cities combating urban decay.Rather than bringing in the bulldozers(推土機(jī)),San Antonio’s leaders rehabilitated existing structures,while simultaneously cleaning up the San Antonio River,which runs through the business district.
【Part 7 Key and Hint 答案與提示】
Ⅰ.1.選C。本題主語帶有兩個并列的謂語動詞，第一個是sat，第二個是and后的spoke,spoke前是一個帶有連詞when的過去分詞短語。句意是“他默默地坐著，當(dāng)人家對他說話時才講一二個詞”。據(jù)上，C為正確答案。
2.選C。英語中要表示A與B的關(guān)系時，可以用A is to B what C is to D這個結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合此結(jié)構(gòu)看本題，題干中的To Lu Xun可以放在is的后面，根據(jù)上面所說的結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可知正確答案應(yīng)是C。
3.選B。本題題意是“他真是粗心，以致于活干了一半就去看電影了”，表示活干了一半，用動詞leave時，后面應(yīng)該跟過去分詞作賓補，以表示賓語the work與finish之間是被動關(guān)系。故B項正確。
4.選C。從題中的并列連詞but可知該句是一個并列句，故前半句用從句或分詞，或介詞短語都是結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤，應(yīng)該用一個完整的句子。因此，C項的He was ill才是正確選擇。
5.選B。根據(jù)題意，表示“所說的話”，應(yīng)該用what；表示“忍耐”，動詞應(yīng)該用stand或put up with，并加上情態(tài)動詞could，表示“能忍耐的限度”。據(jù)上，B為正確選項。
6.選A。本題的題意是“旅游和講學(xué)占據(jù)了我的全部時間，表示“占據(jù)”“擠滿”用fillup，在本題中主謂是主動關(guān)系，故C、D可排除，B項的fill up with，是“占據(jù)”之意，句中的time是fill up的賓語，而不是with的賓語，故B不妥。
7.選D。本題結(jié)構(gòu)同第2題，應(yīng)填what。
8.選A。本題主要是區(qū)別幾個set短語，題意表示的是存了一些錢作旅行用，set up意為“建立”；set beside意為“放在旁邊”；set back“有倒退”之意，均不合題意。
9.選A。本題的關(guān)鍵是弄清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，需要選擇的是plan的賓語補足語，plan后面帶了一個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，但該定語從句與plan的賓補無關(guān)，由于plan與carry out之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。本句構(gòu)成see sth. done的結(jié)構(gòu)。
10.選B。本題也是句子結(jié)構(gòu)問題，題意是“這就是我上周請彼得修的摩托車�！鳖}中用了have sth. done的結(jié)構(gòu)，由于該結(jié)構(gòu)用在定語從句中，have的賓語sth.就是已省略了的關(guān)系代詞，所以用had repaired,而不是had it repaired。
11.選D。本題中賓語weight與賓補take off之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式，意思是“通過了考試，她感動心里的石頭被搬走了”。
12.選C。本題主要是區(qū)別except與besides。從題中的else可以看出，題目問的是除了寫作文還做了什么，換言之寫作文與做別的事都是上午做的，故應(yīng)該用besides，不應(yīng)用except。
13.選A。本題是連詞+過去分詞的形式作狀語，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中主語與分詞的邏輯主語是一致的。從題中可以看出，主語stadium與分詞compare之間應(yīng)為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。
14.選B。本題題意是“這地方很安靜，沒有人會打擾你”。表示“打擾”時，動詞interrupt與disturb很容易搞混。其區(qū)別在于前者表示“打斷（某人的談話）”，“使活動中斷”，而后者意為“打擾”“打亂”。從題意來看，并非是打斷談話或活動之意，而是無人打擾，故用disturb。
15.選A。本題主要是區(qū)別幾個名詞，從題意看，是引進(jìn)了一種新的外語教學(xué)方法，而不是“建議”或“例子”，故應(yīng)該用method。
16.選C。本題需要選擇的是一個狀語從句，意思是“不管要多長時間，我們都必須完成這項工作，可用no matter how long或however long來引導(dǎo)該狀語從句，由于A項語序錯誤，故選C。
17.選D。本題需要搞清楚的是help后帶的是一個賓語從句，而不是一個代詞的賓格，故B、C兩項可排除。根據(jù)題意，那位醫(yī)生愿幫助任何一個需要他幫助的人，故用whoever。相當(dāng)于anyone who，而不是who，who是疑問代詞，與句意不符。
18.選A。本題要考查冠詞的用法。在題意中雖然表示的是泛指，但不定代詞one前若無形容詞修飾時，不用不定冠詞。
19.選D。本題的關(guān)鍵在于搞清楚句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中主語是experiment,they devoted themselves to是定語從句，介詞to的賓語是省略了的關(guān)系代詞，故需要選擇的是一個謂語動詞，與介詞to無關(guān)。從句意來分析，應(yīng)是過去式，可用succeeded。
20.選C。本題中you think是定語從句中的插入語，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)作定語從句的主語，又因表示和某人一起工作愉快是pleasant,pleased是表示心理狀態(tài)的，pleasure是名詞，均不合題意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)。
21.選D。本題主要是區(qū)別lose,miss和disappear，作“丟失”解釋時，lose為及物動詞，當(dāng)主語是某物時，應(yīng)該用被動式，miss應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，disappear是不及物動詞，是正確選擇，但由于該動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，故在seem之后應(yīng)該用不定式的完成式。
22.選B。本題主要是區(qū)別contain和include，前者意為“包含”“含有”，后者著重“被包含者是整體的一部分”之意，從題意看，是指火箭上有很多科學(xué)儀器，是把火箭作為整體而言，故用contain。
23.選B。題中將pay attention to這個詞組變成了一個被動語態(tài)，該詞組中的to為介詞，后接動詞-ing形式，故選developing。
24.選A。本題結(jié)構(gòu)同第二題和第七題，用A is to B what C is to D這個結(jié)構(gòu)來表示吸煙與我的關(guān)系相當(dāng)于工作與你的關(guān)系，表示他不愿戒，根據(jù)上述結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)選擇what。
25.選A。此處find的賓語與主語為同一個人，故應(yīng)該用反身代詞，又賓語與作賓補的動詞lie為主動關(guān)系，故lie用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
26.選B。表示填寫，用動詞詞組fill in；用某種書寫工具填寫時，介詞可用with，但當(dāng)該書寫工具為抽象名詞時，即該書寫工具前無冠詞或其他修飾語時，應(yīng)該用介詞in，如我們可以說write with a pen也可以說write in pen。前者是具體的名詞，后者是抽象名詞，根據(jù)本題的意思和結(jié)構(gòu)，B為正確選擇。
27.選D。表示“看一眼”，可以用glance at，也可以用take a glance at，也可以用take a look at，故本題A、B、C均可，據(jù)上，D為正確答案。
28.選C。本題的賓語是letter，而不是her son或army，其與賓補動詞write之間為被動關(guān)系，故用write的過去分詞written來作賓語補足語。
29.選B。本題題意是“和其他年輕人一樣，他喜歡流行音樂”。表示“和……一樣”，用in common with。compare with表示“比較”，refer to意為“參考”，都與題意不符。
30.選D。本題主要考查分詞作賓語補足語。gas與burn之間為主動關(guān)系，即表示到家時，煤氣還在燃燒，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；而door與lock之間為被動關(guān)系，即門被鎖著，故lock要用過去分詞。據(jù)上分析，D為正確答案。
Ⅱ.1.design 2.impression 3.development 4.disturbed 5.creations 6.fill 7.belongings 8.equally 9.acted 10.stand
Ⅲ.1.選A。由第一段的大意及下文的the papers和the test兩個詞，即可推斷出A為正確答案。
2.選C。mark是“批卷”“打分”的意思。從下文“she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the…mistakes throughout the test.”可知，只有批改完試卷才能發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。
3.選C。從下文的敘述可知，老師批完卷發(fā)現(xiàn)在試卷中十二位男同學(xué)犯了同樣的錯誤。
4.選C。由下文的after class可知，老師是叫這十二位同學(xué)留下來。
5.選A。從下文“She didn’t…either.”可知，上文也是否定的意思。
6.選A。老師寫在黑板上的話就是本文開頭所引用的話，故用above。
7.選D。聯(lián)系上下文可知，老師讓“我們”將這句名言在練習(xí)本上抄寫100遍。
8.選A。從前一句“I don’t know about the other eleven boys.”可知。
9.選C。lesson的意思是“教訓(xùn)”，符合文意。
10.選D�！拔摇笔菑睦蠋熌抢锏谝淮沃滥蔷涿�，故用introduce。
11. 選A。本句意思為：“因為這些話給我們提供了衡量自己而不是別人的方法”。
12. 選B。由下一句中“But all of us…”可得到提示，前后兩句形成明顯的對比。few和all之間用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。
13.選C。由下文“make a great many personal decision”可知。make great decisions意思是“作出重大決定”。
14.選D。call upon/on sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”；call out表示“招呼某人出來”；call up表示“打電話”；call for雖然有“要求”的意思，但不能與不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
15.選A。下一句就是提示。
16.選B。or表示選擇。
17.選A。從下文中“forgotten”可知，這里談的是“多找的零錢”。
18.選D。聯(lián)系上一題可知，作者要說的是：商店多找的零錢是該忘記還是該退還？
19.選B。作者要說的是：上述事情除了你自己，沒有別人知道。
20.選C。由上文意思可知。
Ⅳ.1.選C。文章第一段對英國鄉(xiāng)村的種種描寫都圍繞著毛草屋頂進(jìn)行，尤其是最后一句：Most pople will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.說明茅草屋頂是英國鄉(xiāng)村的魅力所在，故選C。
2.選D。文章第二、三段詳細(xì)介紹了屋頂蓋茅草技術(shù)在英國的運用。由第二段第二句可知，茅草既用來蓋農(nóng)舍，也曾用來蓋城堡和教堂。因此B不對。由第三段第一句和第二句可知，蓋茅草屋頂是一種獨特的手藝，通常在家庭內(nèi)部相傳。而且自中世紀(jì)以來基本未變。由此判斷A、C與內(nèi)容不符。
3.選A。由文章第三段最后一句可知，房主選擇茅草蓋頂，不僅出于美觀（style），還因為它冬暖夏涼（comfort）。
4.選B。文章第四段說：發(fā)展中國家的人們沒錢買現(xiàn)代建筑材料，因而只能住在以草蓋頂?shù)拿┎菸堇�。由此推斷，他們住茅草屋的原因是其造價低廉。
5.選C。根據(jù)第三段所述，在英國現(xiàn)存的茅草屋有些是在原有的基礎(chǔ)上加以整修，有些是新蓋的。因此不能說是古代傳下來的，故A不對。B、D的表述在文章中沒有提及。由本文主題可推斷，茅草屋美觀、舒適，因而備受青睞。
6.選A。誦讀本文可知，本文主要是講述通過在路上漆上各種圖形來使司機(jī)產(chǎn)生錯覺，從而控制車速，來減少交通事故。
7.選C。由第一段中Bent stripes,called chevrons,…that they are driving faster than they really are,and thus drivers slow down可知答案。
8.選C。由文章最后兩段可知，straight,horizontal bars一開始很有效果，可以使司機(jī)的行駛速度減至原來的一半，但是過了幾個月，司機(jī)對這些圖形熟悉之后，就不再有效了，相比之下，人字形有更長久的效果，因為這種圖形總使他們感到自己在超速行駛，并覺得道路比實際的要窄。
9.選A。由第二段可知，美國也要在特定的道路上采用日本的做法，以觀其效，故A項符合題意。
10.選B。由文章倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知答案。
Ⅴ.1.going→go。rather than后應(yīng)接動詞原形，故應(yīng)將going改為go。
2．去掉of.despite是介詞，后面不用of。
3．去掉was。sound意為“聽起來”，是連系動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)將was刪去。
4．to be driven→to drive。不定式drive與car之間有一種邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故不應(yīng)該用被動式，應(yīng)將to be driven改為to drive。
5.English-spoken→English-speaking。講英語的國家，應(yīng)說English-speaking countries。
6.在sit后加on。sit是不及物動詞,to sit作定語修飾chair時，應(yīng)加上介詞on。
7.pained→being painted。句意是“你不能搬進(jìn)新房，正在粉刷”，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)改成It is being painted.
8.在It后加is。表示“據(jù)報道……”應(yīng)該是It is reported.
9.hoped→wished。動詞hope只表示希望，不能表示祝愿，表示祝愿應(yīng)該用wish。
10.在glad后加to。be glad后應(yīng)接不定式符號to，不定式動詞可省去，但其符號to不可省去。
Ⅵ.1.taste;dress 2.despite his serious illness 3.were set aside 4.inspired 5.goes against;to leave this country 6.fantastic
Ⅶ.
Oldest Stone Arch Bridge in China
Five li south of the city of Zhao County in Hebei Province,there is a stone arch bridge called Zhaozhou Bridge.
Zhaozhou Bridge is over 50 meters long and 9 meters wide.It was designed by Li Chun and built in Sui Dynasty.As the oldest stone arch bridge in China,it has a long history of more than 1360 years up to now.It was entirely built with stone.The big stone arch is made up of more than 1000 stones,each of which is 30 centimeters thick and weighs one ton.
It was rebuilt in the 1950s.Old Zhaozhou Bridge has taken on a new look ever since.As more and more people come to visit it,the bridge becomes more famous both at home and abroad