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中考語法知識專題:狀語從句

發(fā)布時間:2016-8-9 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機版

狀語從句

狀語從句不僅是初中英語學習的重點,而且也是每年中考必考的內(nèi)容之一。從筆者研讀歷年全國各地中考英語試題對狀語從句的考查內(nèi)容來看,命題主要集中在引導狀語從句的連詞、狀語從句的時態(tài)等方面;從九大狀語從句來看,同學們應(yīng)將復習重點放在時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句和比較狀語從句這四種上。

核心知識

一、對時間狀語從句的考查

1.要點:

1)引導時間狀語從句的連詞有:while, when,as,as soon as,until,not...until,before, after,since,etc.要掌握每個連詞的含義及其用法,還有它們之間的一些區(qū)別。

2)when,while,as的區(qū)別:

①三者均可表示“當……的時候”,如果主句表示的是短暫的動作,而從句表示的是一段時間,三者可通用。如:

I met Kang Li as/when/while I was walking along the street.當我沿街散步時碰見了康麗。

②as和when都可與終止性動詞連用, while只能與延續(xù)性動詞連用。如:

It was snowing when we got to the airport.當我們到達機場時,天正下著雪。(不能用 while)

③as強調(diào)主句與從句表示的動作同時發(fā)生;while強調(diào)主句表示的動作持續(xù)于while所指的整個時間內(nèi);when可指主、從句所述動作同時或先后發(fā)生。如:

He sang as he went along.他邊走邊唱。

Please write while I read.我讀的時候,請寫下來。

When he reached home,he had a little rest.回到家后,他休息了一會兒。

3)until和till在肯定句中表示“直到……為止”,主句要用延續(xù)性動詞;在否定句中,表示“直到……才”,主句常用終止性動詞,這時till和until可用before替換。如:

I waited till/until he arrived.我一直等到他到來。

We won't start until/till/before Bob comes.鮑勃到來之前,我們不會動身。

4)since從句中常用過去時,主句用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時;如果主句是一般將來時,情態(tài)動詞加動詞原形或祈使句時,時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。如:

Where have you been since I saw you last?上次我和你見面之后,你到哪里去了?

I'll phone you as soon as I arrive in Tonghua.我一到通化就給你打電話。

2.考例:(所有考例取自2001、2002年全國各省市中考英語試題)

1)我一到美國就給你打電話。(北京市海淀區(qū))

I'll ring you up ______ soon ______ I get to America.

2)昨天直到雨停了,孩子們才離開學校。(同上)

The children ______ leave school ______ the rain stopped yesterday.

3)It ______ ten years since they ______ to France.(河北)

A.a(chǎn)s;covered

B.was;have moved

C.is;have moved

D.is;moved

4)He ______ wait until the rain ______ .(南京市)

A.won't;will stop

B.won't;stop

C.will;stops

D.will;will stop

二、對條件狀語從句的考查

1.要點:引導條件狀語從句的連詞有if(如果)、unless(除非)等,unless在意義上相當于if...not。條件狀語從句也像時間狀語從句一樣,如果主句用將來時,從句要用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。如:

You will fail unless you study hard.(=Y(jié)ou will fail if you don't study hard.)除非你努力學習,否則你會失敗。

2.考例:

1)He will go to the Great Wall if it ______ tomorrow.(北京市宣武區(qū))

A.won't rain

B.doesn't rain

C.don't rain

D.isn't raining

2) ______ you eat old food,you may be ill.(湖南)

A.Before

B.Why

C.If

D.Which

三、對比較狀語從句的考查

1.要點:引導比較狀語從句的連詞有as...a(chǎn)s,than。

1)表示甲與乙在某一方面相同時,用“as+原級+as”句型;表示甲在某一方面不如乙時,用“not as /so +原級+as”句型。如:

Dalian is as beautiful as Shenzhen.大連和深圳一樣的美。

I don't run as/so fast as Kang Li.我不如康麗跑得快。

2)表示甲超過或不及乙時,用“比較級+從句”(從句中常省略意義與主句相同的部分)。如:

He runs faster than you(do).他跑得比你快。

Today is less cold than yesterday.今天沒有昨天冷。

2.考例:

1)Jack runs as ______ as Tom.(北京市宣武區(qū))

A.fast

B.faster

C.fastest

D.much faster

2)30,000dollars is a large amount of money,but it's ______ than we need.(上海市)

A.for more

B.very much

C.far less

D.very little

四、對結(jié)果狀語從句的考查

1.要點:引導結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有so...that(如此……以致于),such...that(如此……以致于)等。常用句型:

so+形容詞/副詞+that從句

such a/an +形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ that從句

such+形容詞+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句

so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句

He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.他講得太快,我跟不上。

He told us such funny stories that we all laughed.

他給我們講了那么多有趣的故事,我們?nèi)脊笮Α?/p>

2.考例:

1)這山太高,我們很難到達山頂。(四川)

This mountain is ______ ______ that we can ______ ______ the top.

2)Miss Gao asked a question,but it was ______ that nobody could answer it.

A.very difficult

B.too difficult

C.difficult enough

D.so difficult

五、對其它狀語從句的考查

還有五種狀語從句:地點狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、方式狀語從句、讓步狀語從句。

1.要點:

1)掌握常用的引導詞:

① 引導地點狀語從句的有:where(在哪里),wherever(無論何地),etc.如:

Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者,事競成。

Wherever you go,I go too.無論你去哪里,我都去。

②引導原因狀語從句的有because,as, since(因為),etc。because;卮饂hy引導的疑問句,該從句一般位于主句后;since比as正式,兩者不回答why引導的問句,而且其從句一般放在句首。如:

-Why can't I go?為什么我不能去?

-Because you're too young.因為你年紀太小了。

As(Since)you are not feeling well,you'd better stay at home.

既然你不太舒服,還是留在家里的好。

③引導目的狀語從句的有so that(以便)等。如:

I packed him a little food so that he wouldn't be hungry.

我給他包了一點食物,讓他不致挨餓。

④引導方式狀語從句的有as(按照)等。如:

I will do it as you tell me.我將照你說的做。

⑤引導讓步狀語從句的有though/although(雖然),even though(盡管),whoever/ no matter who(無論誰),however/no matter how(無論怎樣),whatever/no matter what(無論什么)等。如:

Though it's hard work,I enjoy it.盡管這工作很辛苦,我還是很喜歡。

No matter how hard the work was,he never gave it up.不管工作多么艱難,他都從不放棄。

2)because不能與并列連詞so,though /although不能與but同時在句中使用。如:

She was late for school because she missed the bus.

She missed the bus,so she was late for school.

It's not cheap,but it's very good.

Though it's not cheap,it's very good.

2.考例:

1)I can't understand this passage _____ there are no new words in it.(安徽)

A.if

B.because

C.though

D.a(chǎn)nd

2)“Why did Li Lei use a pencil?”“ _____ his pen was broken.”(福州市)

A.Because

B.When

C.Until

D.If

六、對狀語從句和賓語從句、簡單句、并列句的混合考查

【考點1】區(qū)分when,if引導賓語從句和狀語從句的不同:when引導時間狀語從句意為“當……時候”,引導賓語從句意為“什么時候”;if引導條件狀語從句意為“如果”,引導賓語從句意為“是否”。如:

1.-Mike wants to know if _____ a picnic tomorrow.

-Yes.But if it _____ ,we'll visit the museum instead.(河北)

A.you have;will rain

B.you will have;will rain

C.you will have;rains

D.will you have;rains

2.-Do you know when he _____ back tomorrow?

-Sorry,I don't.When he _____ back, I'll tell you.(安徽)

A.comes;comes

B.comes;will come

C.will come;comes

D.will come;will come

【考點2】狀語從句和賓語從句、狀語從句和簡單句、并列句的同義轉(zhuǎn)換。如:

1.A:He is too young to go to school.

B:He is _____ young _____ he can't go to school.(四川)

2.A:Tom is the tallest in his class.

B:Tom is _____ _____ any other student in his class.(四川)

3.A:The box is so light _____ that the boy can carry it.

B:The box is light for the boy to carry.(南京)

4.A:Put on your coat,or you'll catch a cold.

B: _____ you _____ put on your coat, you'll catch a cold.(上海)

典型例題

Key:

狀語從句的復習重點及中考熱點透視

一、2.1)as;as 2)didn't;until/till/before 3)D 4)C

二、2.1)B2)C

三、2.1)A2)C

四、2.1)so high;not reach 2)D

五、2.1)C 2)A

六、【考點1】1.C 2.C【考點2】1.so;that 2.taller than 3.enough 4.If;don't