英語的定語從句總結(jié)
所謂定語從句，就是在復(fù)合句中起定語作用以修飾主句中的名詞或代詞的從句。下面是小編分享給大家的英語的定語從句總結(jié)，希望對大家有幫助。
英語的定語從句總結(jié)1
一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1、由who, whom, that，Whose引導(dǎo)的從句
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，who作主語指人，whom作賓語指人，that既可作主語又可作賓語(作賓語可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用來指人或物，只用作定語。
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那個想見你的男人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你剛剛說話的那個男人是我們的英語老師
(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那個兒子是醫(yī)生的男人是我們的教授。
2、由which, that引導(dǎo)的從句
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，作賓語時可以省略，例如：
(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在從句中作主語)
(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which / that在從句中作賓語)
注意： 代表物時多用which，但在下列情況中用that而不用which：
a)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代詞時;
b)先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時，這時的that常被省略;
c)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級修飾時;
d)先行詞中既有人又有物時;
e)整個句中前面已有which，who,that時;
f)當(dāng)先行詞為物并作表語時;
g)先行詞為one時;
h)先行詞同時又被the only,the very,the same修飾時;
二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1、when指時間在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用 I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
2、where指地點在定語從句中做地點狀語 Shanghai is the city where I was born.
3、why指原因在定語從句中做原因狀語 ，用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
常見考法
對于定語從句的考查，多以單選的形式考查學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用的能力。一般情況下，常從關(guān)系詞的意義和功能的角度考查，重點是that,which,who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
典型例題：Youre the only person ______Ive ever met ______could do it.
A. who B. whom C. whom D. who
解析：先行詞person后有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因為, whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語,不可省略.
答案：D
誤區(qū)提醒
當(dāng)表示時間或地點的名詞作先行詞時，要判斷出它們在從句中作狀語還是主語或賓語。作狀語時用關(guān)系副詞，反之用關(guān)系代詞。
典型例題：I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when
解析：. 兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關(guān)系副詞when. 第二個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句.
答案：A
英語的定語從句總結(jié)2
(一)定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某個名詞或代詞的句子(做這個名詞或代詞的定語)叫定語從句，定語從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞后面，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做定語從句的先行詞，它與定語從句之間要有一個詞連接，這個詞指代先行詞的內(nèi)容叫做關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why)。先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語，賓語，時間，地點，原因狀語。
結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.
2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.
3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.
4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.
5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.
(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：
限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進(jìn)行必要的描述或說明，缺少它，則句義顯得不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。
非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，解釋，它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。
1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.
2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.
3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.
4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.
(三)關(guān)系詞前面可以根據(jù)定語從句的內(nèi)容加上一些介詞，這些關(guān)系詞在介詞后面常用which 或whom.
1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.
2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.
知識重點與難點
(一)當(dāng)先行詞有最高級，序數(shù)詞修飾，是不定代詞，或是all, no, only等形式時，關(guān)系代詞一般用that，而不能用which。
1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.
2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.
(二)當(dāng)先行詞是表示時間，地點，原因的詞時，關(guān)系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that
1. I'm very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.
2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.
3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn't tell the truth to me.
4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.
(三)定語從句的簡化表達(dá)：
1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.
3. The question that is being discussed is very important.
4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.
說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達(dá)出來：
1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.
3. The question being discussed is very important.
4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.
說明：修飾一個名詞除了后面用定語從句以外，還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語，done短語，being done短語，to be done短語修飾。其結(jié)構(gòu)和意思如下：
1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發(fā)生的事。
2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事
3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事
4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事
(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?
(2)The "crazy" gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means "you have a phone call" in Brazil.
(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?
(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.
(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.
(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.
(7)The Yellow River, said to be "the mother river" runs across China like a huge dragon.
總結(jié)：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞，不定式的各種形式作定語。
1. 這些短語作定語應(yīng)放在被修飾名詞的后面。如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語，則可以放在被修飾名詞前面。
2. 分詞作定語時，其動作應(yīng)與全句動作同時發(fā)生。V-ing表示主動意義和正在做，V-ed表示被動意義。being done表示正在被做的
3. 不定式作定語表示將要發(fā)生的，to be done表示將要被做的
英語的定語從句總結(jié)3
1.由關(guān)系代詞 who, whom, whose, that, which; 關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why 引導(dǎo)。
�。ㄏ旅媸畟�句子請讀5遍并脫口譯出�。�
e.g.1. The death notices tell us about people who have died during the week.
2. The man (whom) you spoke to just now is my friend.
3. The building whose lights are on is beautiful.
4. Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.
5. The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
6. He still remembers the day when he went to school.
7. It is no need telling us the reason why you didn't finish it in time.
8. He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.
9. Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.
10. In the Sunday paper there are comics, which children enjoy.
2.只能用that和who引導(dǎo)的定語從句
A.all, nothing, anything, a few, one做先行詞指物時
B.先行詞前有形容詞最高級修飾時，后面常跟that而不是which
C.先行詞前有 the only, the first, the last, the next, the very等詞修飾時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that
D.當(dāng)先行詞是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody時，后面要用who或whom
e.g. All that glitters is not gold. 閃光的并非都是金子。
3.as 引導(dǎo)定語從句
A.引導(dǎo)限制性語從句。
在此類定語從句中，as常與主語中作為其先行詞的such, the same或as聯(lián)用構(gòu)成，"such... as"，"the same... as"和"as ...as"句型，可代替先行詞。
e.g. We hope to get such a tool as he is using. 我們希望得到他正在用的那種工具。
B.as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，作用與which相同，as作為關(guān)系代詞代替整個主句。
(這是語法考試的一個考點。)
注意區(qū)別：
as 引導(dǎo)的從句用于句首、句中或句后，而which引導(dǎo)的定語從句不能放在句首。
e.g. As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.
據(jù)報道，一個外國代表團(tuán)將訪問這個城市。
英語的定語從句總結(jié)4
定語從句由關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose、which、what、as和關(guān)系副詞where、when、why等引導(dǎo)，但須記�。�
1.what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句.
2.關(guān)系詞的分析須考慮它在定語從句中的成分。
一.指人的關(guān)系代詞有who、whose、whom、that. 試分析：
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. (=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.)注：
A. 指人時有時只用who不宜用that。
1.先行詞為one、ones或anyone
(1)The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.
(2)Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
2.先行詞為these時
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
3.在there be 開頭的句子中
There is a student who wants to see you.
4.一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是that，另一個宜用who，以免重復(fù)。
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.
5.在非限制性定語從句中
A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.
B.主句以who開頭的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二.指物的關(guān)系代詞有which、whose(=of which)、that. 試分析：
1. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.
2. The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.
3. This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)
4. I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)
注：
A. 介詞如果位于作為其賓語的關(guān)系代詞之前時，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that.
(1). The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.
(2). The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.
B. 部分短語動詞中的介詞不可與動詞拆開，在定語從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動詞之后。
Is this the book which she is looking for?
The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.
The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.
C. 指物時，下列情況下只能用that ，不宜用which。
(1)先行詞為不定代詞，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。
We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.
I have told them all (that) I know.
All that can be done has been done.
(2)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、修飾時。
The first book that I read last night was an English novel.
(3)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被最高級修飾時。
This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.
This is the best that can be done now.
(4)如果有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語從句的關(guān)系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。
We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.
There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.
(5)如果先行詞被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、 few 、little、no、 all 、one of、 just修飾時。
This is the only book that can be lent to you.
(6)當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊問句時，關(guān)系代詞只用that。
Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ?
D.只物時，下列情況下只能用which，不宜用that。
(1)關(guān)系代詞放在介詞之后
This is the factory in which we once worked.
(2)非限制性定語從句中
This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.
(3)that，Those作主語時
Those which are on the desk are English books.
E.先行詞前有such、the same、 as時, 關(guān)系代詞用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同樣的, the same…that…表示同一的
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.
Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.
三.比較When/which、where /which、why.
which I still never forget.
This is the day when I joined the party.
which he spent reading the books.
where I found the book.
which makes machines.
This is the place which we once visited.
which I will never forget.
which I am looking for.
限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的.區(qū)別：
限制性定語從句
非限制性定語從句
All the students who study hard have passed.學(xué)習(xí)努力的學(xué)生都考試及格了。(只有努力的及格了，不努力的沒及格。) All the students ,who study hard have passed.所有的學(xué)生都及格了，他們學(xué)習(xí)努力。(沒有人不及格，這些學(xué)生都很努力。)
從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語(如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正確。) 從句是對先行詞的附加說明(如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，不受影響。) 與主句關(guān)系密切，不用逗號 與主句關(guān)系不十分密切，用逗號與主句隔開譯為漢語時，從句譯在先行詞前，與先行詞用“的”連接 譯為漢語時，從句放在主句后面關(guān)系代詞that可以代替who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關(guān)系代詞不用that,只用who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關(guān)系代詞代替賓語時可以省略 關(guān)系代詞不能省略關(guān)系代詞as和which
先研究下面兩個例句：
○1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is like a snake. 任何人都看得出來，這頭象像條蛇。
○2.Tom didn’t pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry. Tom物理考試不及格，這使得他父親很生氣。
這兩個例句中，as和which所代表的都是整個主句所表示的內(nèi)容。但有兩點不同之處：
1. 在形式上as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句的前面;而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能位于主句的后面，不能位于主句的前面。
2. 在意義上，as引導(dǎo)的定語從句和主句的關(guān)系一般為一致關(guān)系，常譯為“正如……”，“就像……”，而which引導(dǎo)的定語從句和主句的關(guān)系是因果關(guān)系，或which引導(dǎo)的定語從句是對主句的評論。因此，在意思通順的情況下，which可代替as，而as許多時候不能代替which，如句○2。再如：
1.He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again. 正如我們所料，他又遲到了。/他又遲到了這是我們早就料到的。
2. The street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty. 街道好多星期沒有打掃了，因此整條街很臟。(不用as)
3.The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful. 那年輕人詐騙了他朋友許多錢財，這是不光彩的。(不 用as)
4.He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health. 他每天運(yùn)動，這對他的身體很有好處。(不用as)
5.As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner. 正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣，英語對于初學(xué)者說，是相當(dāng)難學(xué)的。在such…as…、the same…as…、 as…、 as many…/much as…等結(jié)構(gòu)中,as不能用which代替。如：
1.Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 這樣的書對于初學(xué)的人來說是太難了。
=Books such as this are …
=Books like this are …
2.I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大樓里。
3.He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. 他認(rèn)識所有到會的人。
4.That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我們和平時一樣，都起得很早。
“One of the +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后面定語從句中謂語單復(fù)數(shù)情況
這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的定語從句的謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，跟定語從句所*近的那個復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。如：
1. That is one of the books that are required for study at school.
2. This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.
3. She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .
4. This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,
如果one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面帶有the only、the very之類的限定語，后面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數(shù)形式，這是因為定語從句在意義上修飾的是而不是那個復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：
1.He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.( 修飾the only one)
He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.( 修飾the teachers)
2.This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. (修飾the only one)
This is one of the rooms that are free now. (修飾rooms)
as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句
兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。
1. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句居句首時。 As we all know, the earth is round.
2. 當(dāng)與such或the same連用時，一般用as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.
3. 當(dāng)從句和主句語義一致時，用as，反之則用which。 She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.
4. as在從句中作主語時，后面常接行為動詞的被動語態(tài)，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動詞是主動語態(tài)，一般要用which作主語。
She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.
英語的定語從句總結(jié)5
一．幾個基本概念1.定語從句的定義：用作定語的從句叫定語從句。
2.先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。
3.定語從句的位置：緊跟先行詞（名詞或代詞）之后。
4.引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞（包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。
�。�1）關(guān)系代詞：that/who/whom/which/as
（2）關(guān)系副詞：when/where/why
5.引導(dǎo)詞的位置：位于定語從句之前（先行詞之后）�！綼s除外】
6.引導(dǎo)詞的功能（作用）：
�。�1）連接先行詞和定語從句。
�。�2）在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分（關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)主語或賓語，關(guān)系副詞充當(dāng)狀語）。
7.定語從句的類型：
（1）限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間無逗號）。
�、� 直接由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)定語從句
The man who you’re talking to is my friend.
�、� 由介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom/which）引導(dǎo)
The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.
I need a pen with which I can write a letter.
=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.
介詞的選用可根據(jù)從句中的相關(guān)詞組確定，該介詞通�？梢苑旁陉P(guān)系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。例如：
The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.
=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.
The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.
=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.
（2）非限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間用逗號隔開）。
① 直接由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。
�、� 由介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom/which）引導(dǎo)。
I live in a house far away from the city, in front of which is a big tree.
There is an apple tree standing at the gate, on which are many apples.
This is the man to whom I gave the book.
�、� 由“代詞/名詞+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名詞/代詞”(先行詞指人用whom,指物用which)引導(dǎo)。One, some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等詞、數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)或百分比與of whom或of which連用。
He has five children, two of whom are abroad.
(比較：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.)
We have three books, none of which is/are interesting.
(比較：We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting.)
除why和that不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句外，其余引導(dǎo)詞都可以，用法同限定性定語從句一樣。但要注意以下區(qū)別。
1.在形式上非限定性定語從句與主句有逗號隔開。
2.非限定性定語從句的作用：它只是補(bǔ)充說明先行詞的情況，翻譯時可譯成兩個句子。
The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital.
�。俏还こ處煴缓芸焖屯t(yī)院，其腿部受了重傷）
The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital.
�。俏煌炔渴芰酥貍墓こ處煴缓芸焖屯t(yī)院）
3.在非限定性定語從句中，任何引導(dǎo)詞都不能省略（包括引導(dǎo)詞在此定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語在內(nèi)）。指人做主語時只能用who, 做賓語時用whom;
指物做主語，賓語都用which; 關(guān)系副詞用when或where，也不能省略。
The man, ______ is sitting on the chair, is my father.
The woman, _______ I met yesterday, is my English teacher.
The city, _______ is far away, is very beautiful.
He went to America, ______ his parents live.
He joined the Army yesterday, ______ I left, too.
4.whose引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句：
The house, whose window faces south, is mine.
=The house, the window of which faces south, is mine.
�。絋he house, of which the window faces south, is mine.
二.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的基本用法
1.who/that指人是主格在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的主語，不能省略。
Do you know the gentleman who/that is sitting there?
2.whom/who/that指人是賓格，在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的賓語（動賓或介賓）。
�、� 當(dāng)作動賓（動詞后接賓語）時，關(guān)系代詞可省略。
Do you know the gentleman (whom/who/that) we met just now?
② 當(dāng)作介賓（介詞后接賓語）時：
介詞不提前時，關(guān)系代詞可省略；
介詞提前時，關(guān)系代詞不可省，即介詞＋whom(指人時介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能用whom)。
The man (whom/who/that) I spoke with is my teacher.
The man with whom I spoke is my teacher.
※注：固定的動詞短語（動詞+介詞）如look for, take care of等不能把動詞與介詞拆開，既介詞不能提至引導(dǎo)詞前。
She is the right girl (who/whom/that) we are looking for.
3.whose: 指人或物，是所有格“…的”形式。Whose+n.一起在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語（動賓或介賓）即先行詞的什么東西怎樣了，whose不能省略。。Whose+n. = the +n. + of which/whom= of which/ whom+ the =n.
I didn’t find the desk whose leg was broken. （主語）
He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday. （動賓）
The boss in whose company I work is very kind. （介賓）
4.which/that 指物，指代先行詞且在定語從句中作主語或賓語（動賓或介賓）。
�、� 當(dāng)作動賓時，關(guān)系代詞可省略。
�、� 當(dāng)作介賓時：
介詞不提前時，關(guān)系代詞可省略；
介詞提前時，關(guān)系代詞不可省，即介詞＋which(指物時介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能用which)。
The house which/that was destroyed in the earthquake is weak.
The pen (which/that) you found yesterday is mine.
The games (that/which) the young men competed in were difficult.
The games in which the young men competed were difficult.
※注:介詞+關(guān)系代詞即介詞+whom/which(先行詞指人用whom，指物用which)。
※5.as指人或物，在定語從句中可作主語，賓語，表語或狀語，不能省略。主要用于 “the same …as…；such …as…；so …as…；as … as…；as follows”固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，形式固定此時的引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句。要用as代替who(m), which, 或that引導(dǎo)定語從句：
Such people as knew Hill thought he was honest.
Such people as Hill knew thought he was honest.
My hometown is no longer the same as it was.
Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.
The child knows as much as grow-ups (know).
I’d like to have the same books as are used in your school.
He is not such a person as I expected.
He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find.
英語的定語從句總結(jié)6
關(guān)系
代詞指代例句
who指人,寵物,This is the man who helped me.
whose所有格,
指人,物This is the boss whose name is Michael.
whom賓語, 指人The doctor whom you are looking for
is in the room.
that人,物,
主語或動賓This is the boy that broke the window.
which人,物,The building which is in front of you
主語或介賓 is our school.
I am going to drop out school, （非限）
which makes my parents worried.
關(guān)系
副詞
when從句時間Do you remember the day
when he came to see you?難點Is Sheba the dog who was killed last year? (指代動物)This is the boss in whose company my farther is working now. (復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu))whose = the…of which (P314)There was no one to whom I can turn for help.(復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu))of whom (其中) most of whom, none of whom…He is the only person that I want to talk to. (不用which) (P315)作表語: He is no longer the man that he used to be.of which (其中) most of which, none of whichin which case / during which time / at which time 引導(dǎo)從句It was in 1979 that he was elected Chairman.It was 1979 when he was elected Chairman of our club.
I bought the book 2 years ago, since when I have used no others.
Cases are introduced to you
where從句地點why
特殊
as限制性
定語從句
非限制性
定語從句You have reached the point where a change is needed.Tell me the reason why you are late.the same…as (P320)such…as They use such simple words as can be understood by us.as…as (P320)(正如) as is mentioned above as has been reported before
as is often the case as is known to all where you can employ this law.(condition, circumstances, system, example…)I am going to Shanghai where lives my aunt. (從句倒裝)I climbed to the top of the mountain, from where I could see thewhole city.先行詞只有reasonCan you repeat the reason that you gave yesterday?They use such simple words that we can understand them.(狀語從句中，that不擔(dān)任成分,不可以省略)可以位于句首, 與主語從句區(qū)分It is known to all that… (形式主語)As is known to all, (定語從句)What is known to all is that (主語從句)
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