除夕之夜用英語怎么介紹-春節(jié)
The Spring Festival is the New Year in china, just as Christmas in Britain. Chinese people attach much important to the Spring Festival, which is Chinese traditional festival. And the New Year’s Eve is the most important day in the Spring Festival. So they have many celebrations and customs in that day.
Chinese has strong attachment to their family, and Chinese family is usually a big family. In the past, they always dwell on together. In a family, there are grandparents, parents, aunts, uncles and many children. They all live in a big courtyard. Father, Mother and a few children are composed a minor family. Every brother of father makes his own minor family. And with grandparents, they form a big family. Each minor family possesses a minor room in a courtyard, which grandparents live in the major room. Because old person has the superior position in a family, and Chinese respect the old as a long-standing tradition. In the modern time, not every family member lives in a courtyard but live separately. However, they still maintain close link with each other. They often have get-togethers in holidays especially in festivals.
In New Year’s Eve, the most important festival, Chinese family often get together to spend the whole night. They often have the New Year’s dinner together, and celebrate the New Year in their own way.
The New Year’s dinner is very tasteful and delicious, for it not only a dinner but also a family meeting. Each family member sits around the table and talks while eating. It stands for the harmony and unity of a family. Since the dinner is very important, it takes too much time and effort to prepare it. As we all known, Chinese food is the most delicious food in the world. Perhaps because Chinese people are very particular about eating. For New Y ear’s dinner, the food is extremely exquisite and traditional. First, Jiaozi is necessary. Jiaozi, also called dumpling, is well-known as traditional Chinese food all over the world. In New Year’s Eve, we often make dumplings of meat and vegetable, and we also make special dumplings. For example, we make a few dumplings with a coin in them. No matter who eat these special dumplings, it foresees he will have luck of wealth the next year. Some special dumplings with shelled peanut in them mean longevity. Some with sugar in them mean a sweet life. Besides these wonderful Jiaozi, there are various cuisines. Usually, there should be a fish in the table, which means the family has enough to spare every year.
After enjoying the New Year’s dinner, the family seat in the sofa and watch the television. There is a culture New Year’s dinner waiting for them, which is the Spring Festival Evening Party. Since the Spring Festival Evening Party began to hold in 1982, every family consider watching it as a tradition. The party that is held by CCTV starts at 8:00 and lasts four and a half hours. It gathers almost all the Chinese stars in mainland and overseas. And its style of programs contains songs and dances, comic dialogues and sketches. CCTV invests big for this party every year, and they want to make the party be the best party on TV. Though the quality of the party decreased these days, it is still a better party than any other party held by other television stations. Yet Chinese still consider it as a culture dinner in New Year’s Eve.
Since New Year’s Eve comes, the sound of firecrackers will not disappear. Playing firecrackers is the necessary custom in New Year’s Eve. There is a legend about firecrackers. Long long ago, a monster called Nian (means year) haunted around a peaceful village. He attacked the people and livestock in the village. The villagers had no idea to deal with the monster. They became very fearful and lived in danger. Until one day, a clever man invented an arm called firecracker. On one New Year’s Eve, he used firecrackers to defeat the Nian monster. In order to commemorate the man and his glory deeds, we play firecrackers and eat Nian cake every New Year’s eve. Nian cake, also called New Year cake, stands for Nian monster. Eating New Year’s cake means “we will live a better and better life yearly”. Though it is fun of playing firecrackers, we cannot play firecrackers without control in that playing firecrackers causes environmental pollution and safe problems.
At 12:00 of the night, the sound of New Year’s tolling bell rings. That’s the exciting moment. Every person waits for this time. When the bell rings, many firecrackers sound at the same time. Under this hot phenomenon, you will feel jubilant and happy. Every body celebrates this Chinese New Year joyfully. At the moment, we make and eat Jiaozi again. I don’t know why, it is just a custom. Today it develops another custom: people always pay a New Year call at this moment. Not by a visit but by a phone or mobile phone, we call our relatives and friends to say Happy New Year, or sent our wishes by short message. We attach important to our relatives and friends, however, we don’t forget our ancestors. On New Year’s Eve, we often offer sacrifices to ancestors and close relatives. We put food and wine before the picture of ancestors and burn joss papers for our close relatives. It expresses our respect and love to them.
We stay up all the night on New Year’s Eve sometimes. That’s a custom also. But the children are drove to sleep because they want to gain new year money gift to children. The new year money should be given to children on New Year’s Eve and press under the children’s pillow for a whole night.
除夕夜的年夜飯也叫團(tuán)圓飯，根據(jù)宗懔《荊楚歲時(shí)記》的記載，至少在南北朝時(shí)已有吃年夜飯的習(xí)俗。因?yàn)檎刀�，北方人常常在飯桌中間設(shè)置火鍋，因此也稱圍爐。
北方人年夜飯的菜色中常包括水餃、魚、年糕、長年菜等。因?yàn)樗湢钏平鹪獙殻懈毁F之意;魚這道菜不能吃完，因?yàn)樵跐h語中“魚”和“余”同音，有“年年有余”的吉祥意思;年糕則有“年年高升”之意;吃長年菜則有長壽的意涵。華南則多有雞、燒肉、發(fā)菜、蠔豉等，因?yàn)椤鞍l(fā)菜蠔豉”與“發(fā)財(cái)好市”諧音。江南的典型年夜飯必有魚，豐盛湯鍋。
按照老禮，除夕夜傳統(tǒng)的座次是“尚左尊東”、“面朝大門為尊”。年宴的首席為輩分最高的長者，末席為最低者。如果是請客，首席為地位最尊的客人，主人則居末席。首席未落座，其余都不能落座，首席未動(dòng)手，大家都不能動(dòng)手。
不汲水
過年有“不汲水”的`禁忌，家有水井的人家要在除日黃昏前“封井”，給水井加上木蓋，供奉糕點(diǎn)以后焚香拜祭，三日后方可開蓋復(fù)用。
貼春聯(lián)
春聯(lián)，也叫“門對(duì)”、“春貼”、“對(duì)聯(lián)”、“對(duì)子”，屬于楹聯(lián)的一種，是一種獨(dú)特的文學(xué)形式。這副世界上最早的春聯(lián)，“三陽始布，四序初開”記載在莫高窟藏經(jīng)洞出土的敦煌遺書上，撰聯(lián)人為唐人劉丘子，作于開元十一年。百姓春節(jié)貼春聯(lián)的民俗從明代才開始盛行，潮流發(fā)源地是南京�，F(xiàn)在江南地區(qū)百姓講究在大年三十上午貼春聯(lián)。
除夕來歷很久以前，有一個(gè)妖怪叫“夕”。這家伙專門害人，特別是看見哪家有漂亮的女孩，晚上就要去糟蹋她，爾后還要把女孩吃了才甘心。老百姓對(duì)它恨得要死，但又沒有辦法。有個(gè)叫七郎的獵人，力大無窮，箭射得特別好，喂的狗也非常厲害，任何猛獸都敢去斗。七郎見百姓被“夕”害苦了，就想除掉它。他帶著狗到處找“夕”，找來找去始終沒有找到。原來“夕”白天不出來，太陽落山后它才出來害人，半夜后又不見了，也沒人知道它住在哪兒。
七郎找“夕”找了一年，這天已是臘月三十，他來到一個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上，見人們都在歡歡喜喜準(zhǔn)備過年，心想，這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)大，人多，姑娘也多，說不定“夕”要來。他就找鎮(zhèn)上的人們，說“夕”最怕響聲，叫大家天黑了不要睡覺，多找些敲得響的東西放在家里，一有動(dòng)靜就使勁敲，好把“夕”嚇出來除掉。
這天晚上“夕”果然來了，它剛闖進(jìn)一戶人家就被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。這家人馬上敲起了盆盆罐罐，這家一敲，整個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子也跟著敲起來了。“夕”嚇得四處亂跑，結(jié)果被七郎看見了。七郎放出獵狗去咬他，“夕”就跟七郎和狗打了起來。人們一聽外頭殺起來了，都拿起東西敲得震天響。這時(shí)“夕”有點(diǎn)斗不過，想逃跑了事，哪知道后腿被獵狗咬著不放。七郎趁機(jī)開弓猛射，一箭就把“夕”射死了。
從那以后，人們就把臘月三十叫做“除夕”。這天晚上，家家戶戶都要守歲、放火炮，表示驅(qū)除不祥、迎接幸福祥瑞。
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