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2015年高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題之寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
從歷年高考寫(xiě)作題來(lái)看, 特別是基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作, 要點(diǎn)都是一目了然的, 寫(xiě)什么, 對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)不是問(wèn)題, 問(wèn)題是不知如何寫(xiě)。
實(shí)踐證明, 只有寫(xiě)出正確地道的句子, 才有可能把文章寫(xiě)好。磨刀不誤砍柴功, 寫(xiě)作需練基本功。你有了扎實(shí)的基本功, 不管是基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作還是讀寫(xiě)任務(wù), 也不管考什么作文題, 你都能得高分。因此, 從某種意義上說(shuō), 我們不必刻意追求猜題押題, 而應(yīng)腳踏實(shí)地地去練好基本功, 這才是高考高分的備考上策。
【基本句型特訓(xùn)】
這里的基本句型包括簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型和there be句型。
所謂簡(jiǎn)單句就是由一個(gè)主語(yǔ) (包括并列主語(yǔ))和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ) (包括并列謂語(yǔ)) 組成的句子, 即一個(gè)主謂關(guān)系的句子。
六個(gè)基本句型 |
典型例句 |
主+謂 |
He studies very hard. |
主+謂+賓 |
We enjoy sports. |
主+謂+間賓+直賓 |
Sports bring me happiness. |
主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ) |
Exercise mades me healthy. |
主+系+表 |
Exercise is very beneficial. |
There be句型 |
There are three reasons why I like it. |
特別提醒: 根據(jù)歷年高考閱卷的情況, 考生寫(xiě)句子最易犯的錯(cuò)是: 不用be時(shí)卻用了, 或者該用be時(shí)卻沒(méi)用。因此, 我們須注意:
1. 英語(yǔ)句子通常要有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 否則就不完整。如表達(dá) “他很累”, 不能說(shuō)He very tired.
而要說(shuō)He is very tired. 因?yàn)閠ired是形容詞, 句中無(wú)動(dòng)詞。切記: 當(dāng)句子意思完整, 但句中沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞時(shí), 一定要加上be。
2. 當(dāng)句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí), 若不是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 一定不要再用be。如表達(dá) “他昨天來(lái)過(guò)這里”, 不能說(shuō)He was came here yesterday. 而要說(shuō)He came here yesterday.
[課堂練習(xí)]
用基本句型翻譯下列各組句子, 然后合并成一篇通順自然的5句話的短文。
●心中有夢(mèng):
單句翻譯
1. David 7歲了。 (主系表)
2. 他有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想。 (主謂賓)
3. 他想在天上飛。 (主謂賓)
4. 他做了一架紙飛機(jī)。 (主謂雙賓)
5. 他完成了作業(yè)。 (主謂賓)
6. 他玩紙飛機(jī)。 (主謂)
7. 有一天, 天上有一架飛機(jī)在飛。 (there be句型)
8. 他的父親鼓勵(lì)他努力學(xué)習(xí)成為飛行員。 (主謂賓賓補(bǔ))
9. 他非常努力地學(xué)習(xí)。 (主謂)
10. 十八年后他實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的夢(mèng)想。 (主謂賓)
合并成文
______________________________________________________________________________________________
【標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案】
1. David was seven years old.
2. He had a dream.
3. He wanted to fly in the sky.
4. He made himself a paper plane.
5. He finished homework.
6. He always played with the paper plane.
7. There was a plane flying in the sky.
8. His father encouraged him to study hard and be a pilot.
9. He worked very hard at his lessons.
10. He made his dream come true 18 years later.
合并成文: When David was seven years old, he dreamed of flying in the sky. Having finished his homework, he made himself a paper plane to play with. One day, there was a plane flying in the sky. His father
encouraged him to be a pilot in the future. It was by working hard that he made his dream come true eighteen years later.
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